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Sains Malaysiana 54(8)(2025): 2075-2086
http://doi.org/10.17576/jsm-2025-5408-16
Radiation Dose Study of LINAC Source
around Healthy Organs in Cancer Examination using Farmer Chamber Ionization
Detector
(Kajian Dos Sinaran Sumber LINAC di Sekitar Organ Sihat dalam Pemeriksaan Kanser menggunakan Pengesan Kebuk Pengionan Petani)
1Department
of Physics, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science, Universitas Andalas,
Sumatera Barat, 25163, Indonesia
2Healthineers Company, Forchheim-91301, Germany
3Medical Physics,
Radiotherapy Installation, Unand Hospital, Padang,
25176, Indonesia
Received: 26 December
2024/Accepted: 23 June 2025
Abstract
Cancer
treatment using ionizing radiation is known to cause damage to healthy tissue
around the target. Therefore, this study aimed to measure the dose in the area
around the cancer target to ensure the amount received by the patient does not
exceed the specified tolerance limit. Measurements
were performed using a Farmer-type ionization chamber detector on a phantom
slab. The variations in the field area used were 5 × 5 cm2 and 10 ×
10 cm2 at depths of 1.5 cm, 4 cm, 6 cm, 8 cm, and 10 cm, as well as a distance of 3 cm, 5 cm, 7 cm, 10 cm, and 15 cm outside the
radiation field. The dose value was measured based on the IAEA TRS No.398
protocol. The results showed that
the percentage of the dose decreased below 10% at a distance
of 5 cm for a field area of 5 × 5 cm2. Meanwhile, for a field
area of 10 × 10 cm2, the percentage of the dose decreased below 10%
after passing a distance of 7 cm from the edge of the
radiation field. Based on the results, the percentage of the measured dose was
greater for the enlarged depth. Areas
outside the cancer target still receive unneeded radiation doses. The value of
the dose received depends on the energy used, the size of the field, and the
distance from the edge of the field.
Keywords: Cancer;
depth; dose; edge distance; LINAC
Abstrak
Rawatan kanser menggunakan sinaran pengionan diketahui boleh menyebabkan kerosakan pada tisu sihat di sekeliling sasaran. Justeru, penyelidikan ini bertujuan untuk mengukur dos di kawasan sekitar sasaran kanser bagi memastikan jumlah yang diterima pesakit tidak melebihi had toleransi yang ditetapkan. Pengukuran dilakukan menggunakan pengesan kebuk pengionan jenis Petani pada papak fantom. Variasi luas lapangan yang digunakan ialah 5 × 5 cm2 dan 10 × 10 cm2 pada kedalaman 1.5 cm, 4
cm, 6 cm, 8 cm dan 10 cm serta jarak 3 cm, 5 cm, 7 cm, 10 cm dan 15 cm di luar medan sinaran. Nilai dos diukur berdasarkan protokol IAEA TRS No. 398. Keputusan menunjukkan bahawa peratusan dos menurun di bawah 10% pada jarak 5 cm untuk kawasan medan seluas 5 × 5 cm2. Manakala, bagi kawasan medan seluas 10 × 10 cm2, peratusan dos menurun di bawah 10% selepas melepasi jarak 7 cm dari tepi medan sinaran. Berdasarkan keputusan, peratusan dos yang diukur adalah lebih besar untuk kedalaman yang diperbesarkan. Kawasan di luar sasaran kanser masih menerima dos sinaran yang tidak diperlukan. Nilai dos yang diterima bergantung pada tenaga yang digunakan, saiz medan dan jarak dari tepi medan.
Kata kunci: Dos; jarak tepi; kanser; kedalaman; LINAC
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*Corresponding author; email: ramacosfardela@sci.unand.ac.id
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